Proffered Papers Australian Society for Microbiology Annual Scientific Meeting 2016

Salmonella enterica spp isolated from egg farm environments are able to form biofilm on the eggshell (#129)

Vivek Pande 1 , Andrea McWhorter 1 , kapil Chousalkar 1
  1. School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, ADELAIDE, SA, Australia

Salmonella, a major foodborne zoonotic pathogen, is able to form biofilm on biotic and abiotic surfaces. The objective of this study was to examine planktonic and eggshell biofilm forming ability of Salmonella enterica spp. recovered from egg farm environment. Multicellular behaviour and biofilm production were examined at 22 and 37 °C by Congo red morphology and crystal violet staining assay. At 22 °C, the majority of Salmonella isolates (91.03%, 132/145) displayed a red, dry and rough morphology indicating curli fimbriae and cellulose production. In contrast, at 37 °C all Salmonella isolates (100%, 145/145) showed smooth and white morphology, which is associated with a lack of curli fimbriae and cellulose production. The crystal violet staining assay demonstrated significantly greater biofilm production at 22 °C however, there were significant variations between Salmonella serovars. Enumeration of viable biofilm cells attached to eggshells after 48 h of incubation at 22 °C was influenced significantly by serovar. Significantly more biofilm producing bacteria were recovered from eggshells inoculated with S. Anatum (6.65 ± 0.12 log10 CFU/cm2) compared with all other serovars (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopic examination revealed firm attachment of bacterial cells to the eggshell surface and all serovars formed a dense layer of cells encapsulated with extracellular matrix. The relative expression of csgD and adrA gene was significantly higher in eggshell biofilm cells of S. Mbandaka and S. Oranienburg respectively. These findings demonstrated that Salmonella spp. are able to form biofilm on the eggshell surface however, this behaviour is influenced by temperature and serovar.